Baroque Art Vs Renaissance Art

Video: Differences between Renaissance and Baroque Art

Content

Historical context of these two artistic movements
The end of the Renaissance
Differences between the Renaissance and the Baroque
ane. Philosophical arroyo
2. Compages
3. Painting
four. Music and poetry

The Renaissance and the Bizarre were two artistic movements that adult after the end of the Center Ages, ane of the darkest periods of Western civilization.

In this article we will address the historical context that was the cause of these two artistic movements, in addition to explicate how the Baroque and the Renaissance differ and how the Baroque artists sought to differentiate themselves from the Renaissance men who had preceded them.

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Historical context of these two creative movements

The stop of the Middle Ages was the event of a keen cultural, political and social modify in Europe. Painters, sculptors, composers and other artists, through their art, were shaping and reflecting society in which they lived, witnessing smashing scientific advances and seeing how humanity evolved and expanded its noesis.

In 1418, Gutemberg invented the printing press, with which it was possible to mass-produce books, allowing the expansion of knowledge more than easily as well equally favoring more and more than literate people. In that aforementioned century, in 1492, Christopher Columbus made the trip that would subsequently confirm the discovery of a new continent for Europeans: America.

In improver, in 1543 Nicolás Copernicus publishes his work, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, where he exposes his heliocentric theory, that is, that the Earth revolved effectually the Sun.

These, along with other noesis, motivated the society of the fourth dimension, and encouraged inventiveness and the desire for discoveries, considering the homo capacity as unlimited. However, not everything was positive for Europe. In 1453 Constantinople, 1 of the most important cities of the continent, falls into the easily of the Turks, supposing a hard blow for all the Christendom.

All these events were the triggers for changes in medieval thought. A new vision about the man was acquired, taking a perspective that everything could and downplaying something religious. This led to the emergence of the dandy artistic movement that was the Renaissance, which took place between the 15th and 16th centuries.

The terminate of the Renaissance

This movement did non last forever. Already from 1527 the Renaissance movement began to suffer ups and downs, since the vision that had been acquired on the human existence, idealized and perfect, began to cleft.

The new European regimes, in fear of Islam and the already near perpetual struggle confronting this faith, initiated measures to miscarry Muslims, especially in Spain.

This population had been a real economic engine, working the land, contributing to the sanitation of crops and beingness an substitution of knowledge betwixt Christianity and Islamic countries. This led to a lower agronomical production around the year 1609, which implied famines, diseases such equally the plague and loftier mortality.

Club became pessimistic and this influenced art itself. The thought that man could do everything vanished, recovering in a certain way a medieval vision of the earth but without disregarding the technological advances of the previous century.

The Cosmic world suffered a schism. Luther, faced with the abuses exercised by the pontifical authorities, proposed a reform of Cosmic Christianity, which evolved in the cosmos of Protestantism. In turn, faced with this audacity, the Catholic leadership initiated the Counter-Reformation, with the intention of persecuting those who disagreed and fought against the papal power.

Art became a propaganda weapon against heresy, beingness used by the papacy to forbid the population from turning to the side of pagans and atheists.

The Baroque was an artistic movement that turned back to medieval thought, focusing on religiosity and beliefs, taking God again every bit the center of everything. It spanned the unabridged 17th and early 18th centuries.

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Differences betwixt the Renaissance and the Bizarre

Once the historical background of these two movements has been explained, let'southward come across in depth what were the differences between the Baroque and the Renaissance in terms of painting, architecture, music and poetry, in addition to seeing in their vision of the world.

1. Philosophical approach

During the Renaissance humanism develops, a movement that takes the human himself as the focus of attention, that is, acquires an anthropocentric vision.

Classical culture is revalued, considering it every bit the elevation of perfection of Western civilization. What'southward more, a critical movement arises that defends the use of reason to get closer to the truth; That is why the Renaissance was a fourth dimension of keen scientific advocacy, although religion was not completely abandoned.

Ideas that were already present during the Middle Ages, such equally dazzler and dearest, are revalued, just acquiring a perspective closer to Greco-Latin, addressing symmetry and homogeneity as earthly forms to arroyo perfection, an abstract idea and metaphysics.

The Baroque chooses to focus on everyday contexts, in the elements of the day to 24-hour interval. Sympathize that the homo being is not perfect and try to find beauty in information technology.

The artists and thinkers belonging to this era try to overcome the previous period through originality. Many Baroque artists considered that in a certain style the Renaissance motility had quickly become out of appointment, limiting himself to imitating himself and existence a replica of classical art.

2. Architecture

Renaissance buildings are divided into sections. These parts are based on Greco-Latin art, in which everything followed an order and was shown with homogeneous clarity.

Renaissance architecture does non pretend that the observer fixes on a specific role of the structure, since most of the edifice is identical, with no details that highlight i department above the others. Thus, the Renaissance intended to make their buildings as symmetrical as possible, with horizontal elements prevailing over vertical ones, taking inspiration from the architecture of the temples of ancient Greece and Rome.

Among the distinctive elements of Renaissance architecture are the semicircular arch, the barrel vault and the hemispherical dome.

Some examples of buildings congenital during the Renaissance are the famous Cathedral of Santa María de las Flores in Florence, the Church of Santa María Novella, the Palace of Carlos V in Granada and the Cathedral of Jaén.

Even so, the compages of the Baroque is less clear. Everything is treated every bit if information technology were a continuum, but information technology is not divided into clear and equal parts, but rather details are incorporated that could seem to be a somewhat chaotic structure.

Bizarre facades unremarkably take elements that are full-bodied in a very rich and striking way, such equally columns, arches, statues, low and high relief and curved walls.

Some examples of Bizarre buildings are the Royal Palace of Madrid, the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, the Palace of Versailles and the Basilica of Saint Peter.

three. Painting

During the Renaissance, innumerable schools of painting arose, which, despite their divergences, influenced each other.

Renaissance painting improves perspective compared to medieval art. The human being anatomy is represented in great particular, thank you to the improvement of pictorial techniques and the employ of a new style of painting: oil. Information technology is intended to represent in the most realistic, but idealized and symmetrical way, to man and his environment.

The Quattrocento was the moment of success for peachy painters like Masaccio, who is considered the first to apply the laws of scientific perspective and a new concept of expressiveness to painting. His work was revolutionary, especially for its use of light. During the Cinquecento the greats of the Renaissance emerged: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Raphael.

The famous Vitruvian man by da Vinci is well known, a very reliable representation of man anatomy, in addition to his well-known work the Mona Lisa. Raphael's piece of work is considered the stereotypical painting of the Renaissance, for its perfection, apply of perspective and color. On the other paw, the figures in Renaissance painting are characterized past their dynamism, a lot of colour and bombast.

In Spain we have El Greco, whose piece of work represents the combination of the Byzantine knowledge acquired in his youth together with Renaissance tendencies. His figures are very expressive, elongated and somewhat shady. Despite the fact that he is considered Renaissance, his work is one pes from the Baroque.

Instead, the baroque painter captures reality every bit he sees and feels information technology, with its limits, violent postures, diagonal compositions. Information technology focuses on the individual homo beingness. Art becomes less distant from the public.

The church uses painting to send a less distant and flatulent message, which had been the norm during the Renaissance.

Caravaggio is one of the representatives of the Baroque. His work is more human being, without resorting too much to solemnity. The drama is heavily accented, showing psychological realism.

Diego Velázquez, painter of Felipe Four, painted great works such every bit the Surrender of Breda, the portrait of Pope Innocent VII. His terminal 2 masterpieces are the Meninas and the Hiladeras, with a large number of characters placed at different distances from the front.

These painters bear witness environments with chiaroscuro, realistic people, with their strengths and weaknesses. The Baroque had no qualms nearly showing the paleness or signs of affliction of some of their patrons.

four. Music and poetry

Renaissance music is characterized by its polyphonic texture, following the laws of counterpoint, and with a certain legacy from the Gregorian chant.

In the ecclesiastical sphere at that place are the mass and the motet, while in more than profane areas there are the carols, the madrigal and the chanson. Amid the best known composers of this menstruum are Orlando di Lasso, Josquin des Prés, Palestrina and Tomás Luis de Victoria.

The verse of the Renaissance follows the fashion of the lyric of the songbook, speaking of aspects such equally love, dazzler in the divine and to a certain extent mythological aspects recovered from classical civilizations. Cracking Renaissance poets were Fray Luis de León, Garcilaso de la Vega and Petrarca.

Baroque music gave mankind one of the great musical genres: opera. Information technology is the menstruum in which it is traditionally related to what we sympathize today past classical music, in addition to the later periods.

During the Bizarre, the tonality and apply of the basso continuo appeared, as well as the sonata and the concerto.

Great musicians of this period were Georg Friedrich Händel, Antonio Vivaldi, and the composer whose death ended the Baroque, Johann Sebastian Bach.

Baroque verse aEmbroider themes such equally thwarting, disgust for standing to live, despair, dear problems or nonconformity, with touches of credence that human beings can hardly exist successful and can only wait for death equally the inevitable end. It is a very overloaded poetry, which aims to excite sensitivity and intelligence. Baroque writers seek originality and surprise.

Some relevant Bizarre poteras were Luís de Góngora, Lope de Vega and Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz.